Standards Compliance Checker

Business Case

Problem Statement

Construction data compliance challenges:

• Multiple standards to meet
• Complex validation rules
• Inconsistent implementations
• Manual checking is error-prone

Solution

Automated compliance checking against major construction data standards including ISO 19650, IFC, COBie, and UniFormat.

Technical Implementation

python
from typing import Dict, Any, List, Optional
from dataclasses import dataclass, field
from enum import Enum
import re


class Standard(Enum):
    ISO_19650 = "iso_19650"
    IFC = "ifc"
    COBIE = "cobie"
    UNIFORMAT = "uniformat"
    OMNICLASS = "omniclass"
    MASTERFORMAT = "masterformat"


class ComplianceLevel(Enum):
    COMPLIANT = "compliant"
    MINOR_ISSUES = "minor_issues"
    MAJOR_ISSUES = "major_issues"
    NON_COMPLIANT = "non_compliant"


@dataclass
class ComplianceIssue:
    rule_id: str
    rule_name: str
    severity: str  # error, warning, info
    message: str
    field: str = ""
    value: Any = None


@dataclass
class ComplianceReport:
    standard: Standard
    total_rules: int
    passed: int
    failed: int
    warnings: int
    compliance_level: ComplianceLevel
    issues: List[ComplianceIssue] = field(default_factory=list)


class StandardsComplianceChecker:
    """Check compliance with construction data standards."""

    def __init__(self):
        self.rules: Dict[Standard, List[Dict]] = self._load_rules()

    def _load_rules(self) -> Dict[Standard, List[Dict]]:
        """Load compliance rules for each standard."""

        return {
            Standard.ISO_19650: [
                {"id": "ISO-001", "name": "File naming convention", "field": "filename",
                 "pattern": r"^[A-Z]{2,6}-[A-Z]{2,4}-[A-Z]{2,3}-[A-Z0-9]{2,4}-[A-Z]{2,3}-[A-Z]{2,4}-[A-Z0-9]{3,8}$"},
                {"id": "ISO-002", "name": "Status code valid", "field": "status",
                 "values": ["WIP", "S0", "S1", "S2", "S3", "S4", "A", "B", "CR"]},
                {"id": "ISO-003", "name": "Revision format", "field": "revision",
                 "pattern": r"^P[0-9]{2}|C[0-9]{2}$"},
            ],
            Standard.IFC: [
                {"id": "IFC-001", "name": "GUID format", "field": "global_id",
                 "pattern": r"^[0-9A-Za-z_$]{22}$"},
                {"id": "IFC-002", "name": "Name required", "field": "name", "required": True},
                {"id": "IFC-003", "name": "ObjectType defined", "field": "object_type", "required": True},
            ],
            Standard.COBIE: [
                {"id": "COB-001", "name": "Facility name", "field": "facility_name", "required": True},
                {"id": "COB-002", "name": "Space name format", "field": "space_name",
                 "pattern": r"^[A-Z0-9]{2,10}[-_]?[A-Z0-9]{0,10}$"},
                {"id": "COB-003", "name": "Component type", "field": "component_type", "required": True},
                {"id": "COB-004", "name": "Manufacturer info", "field": "manufacturer", "required": True},
            ],
            Standard.UNIFORMAT: [
                {"id": "UNI-001", "name": "Level 1 code", "field": "level1",
                 "values": ["A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "G", "Z"]},
                {"id": "UNI-002", "name": "Code format", "field": "code",
                 "pattern": r"^[A-G][0-9]{4}$"},
            ],
            Standard.MASTERFORMAT: [
                {"id": "MF-001", "name": "Division format", "field": "division",
                 "pattern": r"^[0-9]{2}$"},
                {"id": "MF-002", "name": "Section format", "field": "section",
                 "pattern": r"^[0-9]{2}\s?[0-9]{2}\s?[0-9]{2}(\.[0-9]{2})?$"},
            ]
        }

    def check_compliance(self, data: Dict[str, Any],
                        standard: Standard) -> ComplianceReport:
        """Check data against specified standard."""

        rules = self.rules.get(standard, [])
        issues = []
        passed = 0
        failed = 0
        warnings = 0

        for rule in rules:
            result = self._check_rule(data, rule)
            if result:
                issues.append(result)
                if result.severity == "error":
                    failed += 1
                else:
                    warnings += 1
            else:
                passed += 1

        # Determine compliance level
        if failed == 0 and warnings == 0:
            level = ComplianceLevel.COMPLIANT
        elif failed == 0:
            level = ComplianceLevel.MINOR_ISSUES
        elif failed <= len(rules) * 0.3:
            level = ComplianceLevel.MAJOR_ISSUES
        else:
            level = ComplianceLevel.NON_COMPLIANT

        return ComplianceReport(
            standard=standard,
            total_rules=len(rules),
            passed=passed,
            failed=failed,
            warnings=warnings,
            compliance_level=level,
            issues=issues
        )

    def _check_rule(self, data: Dict[str, Any], rule: Dict) -> Optional[ComplianceIssue]:
        """Check single compliance rule."""

        field = rule.get('field', '')
        value = data.get(field)

        # Required check
        if rule.get('required') and (value is None or value == ''):
            return ComplianceIssue(
                rule_id=rule['id'],
                rule_name=rule['name'],
                severity="error",
                message=f"Required field '{field}' is missing",
                field=field
            )

        # Skip other checks if value is empty
        if value is None or value == '':
            return None

        # Pattern check
        if 'pattern' in rule:
            if not re.match(rule['pattern'], str(value)):
                return ComplianceIssue(
                    rule_id=rule['id'],
                    rule_name=rule['name'],
                    severity="error",
                    message=f"Field '{field}' does not match required format",
                    field=field,
                    value=value
                )

        # Allowed values check
        if 'values' in rule:
            if value not in rule['values']:
                return ComplianceIssue(
                    rule_id=rule['id'],
                    rule_name=rule['name'],
                    severity="error",
                    message=f"Field '{field}' must be one of: {rule['values']}",
                    field=field,
                    value=value
                )

        return None

    def check_multiple_standards(self, data: Dict[str, Any],
                                  standards: List[Standard]) -> Dict[str, ComplianceReport]:
        """Check data against multiple standards."""

        reports = {}
        for standard in standards:
            reports[standard.value] = self.check_compliance(data, standard)
        return reports

    def check_batch(self, records: List[Dict[str, Any]],
                    standard: Standard) -> Dict[str, Any]:
        """Check multiple records against standard."""

        all_issues = []
        compliant_count = 0

        for i, record in enumerate(records):
            report = self.check_compliance(record, standard)
            if report.compliance_level == ComplianceLevel.COMPLIANT:
                compliant_count += 1
            for issue in report.issues:
                all_issues.append({
                    'record_index': i,
                    'rule_id': issue.rule_id,
                    'field': issue.field,
                    'message': issue.message
                })

        return {
            'standard': standard.value,
            'total_records': len(records),
            'compliant_records': compliant_count,
            'compliance_rate': round(compliant_count / len(records) * 100, 1) if records else 0,
            'total_issues': len(all_issues),
            'issues': all_issues
        }

    def add_custom_rule(self, standard: Standard, rule: Dict):
        """Add custom compliance rule."""

        if standard not in self.rules:
            self.rules[standard] = []
        self.rules[standard].append(rule)

    def generate_report_summary(self, report: ComplianceReport) -> str:
        """Generate human-readable report summary."""

        lines = [
            f"Compliance Report: {report.standard.value.upper()}",
            "=" * 40,
            f"Total Rules: {report.total_rules}",
            f"Passed: {report.passed}",
            f"Failed: {report.failed}",
            f"Warnings: {report.warnings}",
            f"Status: {report.compliance_level.value.upper()}",
            "",
            "Issues:"
        ]

        for issue in report.issues:
            lines.append(f"  [{issue.severity.upper()}] {issue.rule_id}: {issue.message}")

        return "\n".join(lines)

Quick Start

python
# Initialize checker
checker = StandardsComplianceChecker()

# Check ISO 19650 compliance
data = {
    "filename": "PRJ-ARC-MOD-0001-DWG-PLAN-001",
    "status": "S3",
    "revision": "P01"
}

report = checker.check_compliance(data, Standard.ISO_19650)
print(f"Compliance: {report.compliance_level.value}")
print(f"Passed: {report.passed}/{report.total_rules}")

Common Use Cases

1. COBie Validation

python
cobie_data = {
    "facility_name": "Building A",
    "space_name": "OFFICE-101",
    "component_type": "HVAC_Unit",
    "manufacturer": "Carrier"
}
report = checker.check_compliance(cobie_data, Standard.COBIE)

2. Batch Validation

python
records = [{"filename": "...", "status": "..."}, ...]
batch_report = checker.check_batch(records, Standard.ISO_19650)
print(f"Compliance rate: {batch_report['compliance_rate']}%")

3. Multiple Standards

python
reports = checker.check_multiple_standards(
    data,
    [Standard.ISO_19650, Standard.IFC]
)

Resources

• DDC Book: Chapter 2.5 - Data Models and Standards
• ISO 19650: Information management using BIM
• Website: https://datadrivenconstruction.io