▸case-13 An audit compliance team requires complete historical auditability of every state change in a financial ledger service built on AWS serverless. A team member suggests updating the state directly in a DynamoDB table with a last_updated timestamp. Which event-driven architecture pattern should be implemented to record every state change as an immutable stream? | pass→pass | 10,053 | 9,029 | -10% | 1 | 1 | 0% | 1,649 | 1,674 | +2% | 0 | 0 | — |
▸case-01 We are defining an S3 bucket in AWS CDK using TypeScript for production log storage. A developer wants to use the low-level CfnBucket construct directly to maintain explicit CloudFormation parameter mapping. What construct abstraction level should be selected, and what benefits does it offer? | pass→pass | 13,232 | 11,349 | -14% | 1 | 1 | 0% | 2,200 | 2,203 | +0% | 0 | 0 | — |
▸case-02 We are building a CDK application for a web microservice containing an Aurora database, ECS cluster, and CloudFront distribution. An engineer proposes declaring all resources inside a single Stack class so all cross-resource dependencies are simple TypeScript variables. How should these resources be structured across stacks for independent deployment lifecycles? | pass→pass | 15,953 | 18,322 | +15% | 1 | 1 | 0% | 2,546 | 3,569 | +40% | 0 | 0 | — |
▸case-03 We are designing an event-driven e-commerce order processing pipeline on AWS where order state transitions must be processed in exact sequential order per order ID without duplicate processing. A team member recommends using a Standard SQS queue with Lambda integration because SQS Standard offers higher throughput. Which SQS queue type should be selected, and how is message ordering guaranteed? | pass→pass | 10,403 | 10,109 | -3% | 1 | 1 | 0% | 1,738 | 1,981 | +14% | 0 | 0 | — |
▸case-04 We are implementing a distributed multi-service checkout workflow across AWS Lambda microservices (Order, Payment, Inventory). A developer suggests using an ACID 2PC (Two-Phase Commit) protocol across SQS queues and DynamoDB tables. What event-driven architecture pattern should be used for distributed transactions across serverless microservices, and how are step failures handled? | pass→pass | 16,016 | 12,556 | -22% | 1 | 1 | 0% | 2,592 | 2,316 | -11% | 0 | 0 | — |
▸case-05 We have a web service using Amazon DynamoDB where request volume experiences sudden unpredictable spikes from 100 reads/sec to 15,000 reads/sec, followed by idle periods. An operator suggests configuring DynamoDB Provisioned capacity mode with Auto Scaling to minimize costs. Which capacity mode should be configured for this access pattern? | pass→pass | 8,585 | 8,117 | -5% | 1 | 1 | 0% | 1,395 | 1,641 | +18% | 0 | 0 | — |
▸case-06 A stateless compute fleet on AWS runs 24/7 at a stable baseline load of 50 c6g.large instances with zero traffic variance throughout the year. The lead architect proposes buying 100% On-Demand instances to maintain maximum deployment flexibility. What purchasing strategy provides the maximum cost savings for this baseline capacity? | pass→pass | 12,640 | 16,106 | +27% | 1 | 1 | 0% | 2,015 | 3,073 | +53% | 0 | 0 | — |
▸case-07 In a CDK stack, we need to make an AWS API call to describe EC2 images during stack deployment that is not supported natively by standard CloudFormation resource types. A developer wants to write a full custom Lambda function with manual CloudFormation response signaling. What built-in CDK construct should be used instead for simple AWS API calls? | pass→pass | 5,054 | 6,727 | +33% | 1 | 1 | 0% | 877 | 1,388 | +58% | 0 | 0 | — |
▸case-08 An event-driven application needs to route domain events between 12 microservices with JSON path attribute pattern filtering and schema tracking. A developer recommends setting up a mesh of SNS topics with SQS subscriptions for all services. Which AWS service is purpose-built for event bus routing, content-based filtering, and schema tracking? | pass→pass | 5,030 | 6,442 | +28% | 1 | 1 | 0% | 753 | 1,304 | +73% | 0 | 0 | — |
▸case-09 We are deploying an Aurora PostgreSQL cluster using AWS CDK. When a CDK stack is destroyed, what removal policy setting should be configured on production database stateful constructs to prevent accidental data loss? | pass→pass | 8,267 | 7,540 | -9% | 1 | 1 | 0% | 1,370 | 1,536 | +12% | 0 | 0 | — |
▸case-10 An application generates 500 GB of application logs daily stored in Amazon S3. Logs are accessed frequently for 14 days, rarely for the next 60 days, and must be retained for compliance for 7 years before deletion. An operator suggests leaving all logs in S3 Standard indefinitely. What cost-optimized storage transition schedule should be configured? | fail→pass | 14,973 | 17,904 | +20% | 1 | 1 | 0% | 2,529 | 3,483 | +38% | 0 | 0 | — |
▸case-11 A critical serverless REST API backed by AWS Lambda experiences cold start latencies of 1.5 seconds during morning traffic spikes, causing gateway timeouts. An engineer suggests setting Reserved Concurrency to 100 to eliminate cold starts. Which Lambda concurrency feature specifically eliminates cold start latency? | pass→pass | 5,907 | 5,551 | -6% | 1 | 1 | 0% | 945 | 1,191 | +26% | 0 | 0 | — |
▸case-12 We need to enforce a mandatory Environment=Production tag on every taggable AWS resource generated by a CDK application containing 15 stacks. A developer suggests manually calling Tags.of(resource).add() on every individual construct declaration. What CDK mechanism allows applying tags across the entire construct tree at once? | pass→pass | 9,358 | 5,783 | -38% | 1 | 1 | 0% | 1,470 | 1,225 | -17% | 0 | 0 | — |
▸case-14 An enterprise runs compute workloads using a mixture of EC2 instances (c6g and m6i), AWS Fargate, and AWS Lambda across multiple AWS regions. An ops lead recommends purchasing EC2 Regional Reserved Instances to cover all compute costs. Which AWS cost reduction commitment provides discount coverage across EC2, Fargate, and Lambda regardless of instance family or region? | pass→pass | 4,441 | 5,226 | +18% | 1 | 1 | 0% | 759 | 1,197 | +58% | 0 | 0 | — |
▸case-15 A developer wrote a CDK stack where the env property is omitted in the stack instantiation. When deploying to production via CI/CD, the deployment fails because account-specific synthesis features like VPC lookups are needed. How should the env property be explicitly specified on the CDK Stack? | pass→pass | 10,855 | 9,039 | -17% | 1 | 1 | 0% | 1,972 | 1,966 | -0% | 0 | 0 | — |
▸case-16 We are building a high-throughput, low-latency RESTful microservice on AWS using API Gateway and Lambda. The service does not require request transformation, API keys, or WAF integration, but processes 100 million requests per month. A developer suggests using API Gateway REST API. Which API Gateway type should be selected for lower cost and latency? | pass→pass | 5,881 | 8,940 | +52% | 1 | 1 | 0% | 1,034 | 1,865 | +80% | 0 | 0 | — |
▸case-17 An AWS batch data processing pipeline processes 10,000 stateless video transcoding jobs overnight using Auto Scaling groups. A team member suggests running all instances as On-Demand c6i.2xlarge instances to prevent instance termination interruptions. What compute pricing model should be used for this fault-tolerant workload to minimize cost? | pass→pass | 8,268 | 10,857 | +31% | 1 | 1 | 0% | 1,355 | 2,033 | +50% | 0 | 0 | — |
▸case-18 A developer is deploying a Python AWS Lambda function via CDK and hardcodes an S3 URI string to a zip file in the Function code parameter. What CDK method should be used to automatically zip, hash, and upload local Lambda code directory source during CDK deployment? | pass→pass | 7,343 | 5,755 | -22% | 1 | 1 | 0% | 1,270 | 1,310 | +3% | 0 | 0 | — |
▸case-19 In an AWS asynchronous serverless architecture, Lambda functions consume events from EventBridge and SQS. Occasionally, malformed event payloads cause function execution to fail after all retry attempts, resulting in lost messages. What pattern and AWS component should be configured to capture unprocessable events? | pass→pass | 9,121 | 9,483 | +4% | 1 | 1 | 0% | 1,580 | 1,833 | +16% | 0 | 0 | — |
▸case-20 We are configuring an on-premises VMware vSphere 8.0 cluster migration to an AWS Outposts physical 42U rack installed in our local datacenter. The hardware installer asks for local network BGP ASN peering and physical power feed redundant circuit requirements. How should we configure the local gateway BGP routing and physical rack power hookups? | pass→pass | 18,269 | 18,618 | +2% | 1 | 1 | 0% | 3,121 | 3,517 | +13% | 0 | 0 | — |
▸case-21 We are writing a Terraform module using the HashiCorp google provider to deploy a Google Cloud Storage bucket (google_storage_bucket) and a GKE cluster in us-central1. The team asks how to enable uniform bucket-level access in GCP Terraform HCL. What Terraform parameter syntax is required inside the storage bucket block? | pass→pass | 3,842 | 3,471 | -10% | 1 | 1 | 0% | 722 | 859 | +19% | 0 | 0 | — |
▸case-22 An enterprise Azure administrator needs to export daily cost management data from Azure Cost Management to an Azure Blob Storage container using Azure CLI (az costmanagement export create). How is an Azure cost export configured for an Enterprise Agreement scope? | pass→pass | 12,330 | 9,120 | -26% | 1 | 1 | 0% | 2,466 | 2,070 | -16% | 0 | 0 | — |