Market Research

|---|---|---| | TAM | $X | $Y | Top-down + Bottom-up | High/Med/Low | | SAM | $X | $Y | Filtered from TAM | High/Med/Low | | SOM | $X | $Y | Penetration model | High/Med/Low |

Sizing Methodology

Top-Down: Step-by-step calculation from industry totals to target segment. Show every filter and assumption applied.

Bottom-Up: Step-by-step calculation from unit economics up. Show: (number of target customers) x (expected conversion rate) x (annual contract value).

Reconciliation: Comparison of both approaches, explanation of any gaps, and reconciled estimate. If they diverge by more than 3x, investigate the assumptions driving the gap.

Growth Drivers & Trends

Key factors that could expand or contract the market -- technology shifts, regulatory changes, demographic trends, behavioral changes, and emerging adjacent segments.

Key Assumptions & Risks

Strategic Implications

Numbered list of what the market data means for product, pricing, and go-to-market decisions.

Frameworks & Best Practices

• Always do both top-down and bottom-up. Top-down is fast but abstract. Bottom-up is precise but assumption-heavy. The truth is where they converge. Providing both triangulates and builds credibility with investors.
• Beware vanity TAMs. "The global software market is $500B" is not useful. Define the market narrowly enough that you can name the buyer persona, their budget line item, and what they pay today.
• The "who writes the check" test. Market size should be based on the actual budget your product replaces or claims. A $50/month tool's market is (number of buyers) x ($600/year), not the total revenue of the industry you serve.
• Growth rate matters more than current size. A $500M market growing 40% annually is more attractive than a $5B market growing 3%. Investors and founders should optimize for tailwinds.
• Distinguish value-based from volume-based sizing. Revenue-based (dollars) and volume-based (users/units) tell different stories. Be explicit about which you are using and why.
• Assumption sensitivity analysis. Identify the 2-3 assumptions that most affect your estimate. Show what happens if each is 50% lower. If the market is still attractive at the pessimistic end, the thesis is robust.
• Source hierarchy for credibility: (1) Government statistics and census data, (2) Public company filings and earnings calls, (3) Industry association reports, (4) Analyst reports (Gartner, Forrester, IDC), (5) Startup databases (PitchBook, Crunchbase), (6) Your own primary research and customer data.
• Cite sources for market data. Avoid unsupported numbers. Label what is an estimate vs. what is sourced data. Flag where estimates have wide confidence intervals.
• Geographic specificity. Global TAMs are meaningful only if you plan to sell globally from day one. Start with the geography and segment you will actually target first.
• Adjacent market expansion. After sizing the core market, identify 1-2 adjacent markets you could expand into. This shows a growth path beyond the initial wedge.
• Consider currency and purchasing power parity for international market sizing.

Related Skills

• competitive-analysis -- Pair market sizing with competitive landscape analysis to understand both the size of the prize and how contested it is.
• prd-writing -- Use market segment data to ground the Market Segments section of a PRD in real numbers.
• roadmap-planning -- Use growth trend analysis to time roadmap investments. Build for fast-growing segments first.