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Get Started Free →nwave-ai/nw-formal-verification-tlaplus
TLA+ and PlusCal for specifying distributed system invariants. Decision heuristics for when formal verification adds value, key patterns, state explosion management, and alternatives comparison.
Passed 22 of 22 test cases with the skill, and 21 of 22 without it.
1 fixed21 passed either way0 still failing0 broke
Tokens, turns and time describe resource use, not a dollar price.
A test case the skill fixed. Same model, same prompt, with and without the skill.
We are formalizing the Raft consensus protocol. What are the two fundamental safety invariants that must be asserted on terms and log structures?
| Checked | Without skill | With skill |
|---|---|---|
| Identifies ElectionSafety (at most one leader elected per term). | Missed | Passed |
| Identifies LogMatching (logs with the same index and term are identical across nodes). | Passed | Passed |
The instructions your model reads when the skill loads.
Is the system distributed or concurrent?
|
+-- No --> Complex state machine with high failure cost?
| +-- No --> NOT cost-effective. Use property-based testing.
| +-- Yes --> CONSIDER TLA+
|
+-- Yes --> Consensus, coordination, or distributed transactions?
| +-- Yes --> RECOMMEND TLA+
| +-- No --> Could concurrency bug cause data loss or safety issues?
| +-- Yes --> RECOMMEND TLA+
| +-- No --> OFFER as option
| Domain | Why TLA+ Adds Value | Evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Distributed consensus (Paxos, Raft) | Subtle interleaving bugs in leader election | Raft TLA+ spec ~400 lines, found implementation bugs |
| Financial distributed transactions | Atomicity violations cause monetary loss | AWS DynamoDB replication verified |
| Leader election, distributed locking | Split-brain, deadlock, stale-lock | AWS lock manager verified |
| Eventual consistency / CRDTs | Convergence proofs required | TLA+ CRDT framework verifies SEC |
| Safety-critical state machines | Regulatory requirements | DO-178C, CENELEC recognize formal methods |
| Multi-party coordination (sagas, 2PC) | Compensation ordering, partial failure | 2PC is canonical TLA+ example |
| Data replication protocols | Ordering, consistency under failure | Elasticsearch, MongoDB, Cosmos DB verified |
test cases passed, vs 21 / 22 without
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