CSV/Excel Merger

Merge multiple CSV or Excel files with automatic column matching, deduplication, and conflict resolution.

Contents

• Workflow — the step-by-step merge process
• Verification — confirm the merge before handing it back
• Special cases — encoding, compound keys, large files
• Guidelines — quality and transparency standards
• Example triggers
• references/merge_strategies.md — column matching, conflict resolution, and dedup options
• references/output_template.md — the merge-report format

Workflow

1. Inspect the inputs. Determine file count, format (CSV / Excel / TSV), and whether the files are attached or read from disk. Read each header; identify column names, data types, and encoding (UTF-8, Latin-1). Note the candidate primary key.

1. Plan the merge. Match columns across files to one unified schema, choose a conflict-resolution rule, and pick a deduplication strategy. See references/merge_strategies.md for the matching heuristics and the full set of options.

1. Execute the merge with pandas:

python import pandas as pd

df1 = pd.read_csv("file1.csv") df2 = pd.read_csv("file2.csv")

# Normalize, then map column names onto the unified schema for df in (df1, df2): df.columns = df.columns.str.lower().str.strip() df2 = df2.rename(columns={"firstname": "first_name", "e_mail": "email"})

merged = pd.concat(df1, df2], ignore_index=True) merged = merged.drop_duplicates(subset="email"], keep="last") merged.to_csv("merged_output.csv", index=False)

1. Verify the result before reporting — see Verification.

1. Report using the layout in references/output_template.md, then offer export options: CSV (UTF-8), Excel (.xlsx), JSON, SQL INSERT statements, or Parquet for large datasets.

Verification

Never hand back a merge without checking it. After merging, assert the row math holds and the key is actually unique:

python
total_in = len(df1) + len(df2)
assert len(merged) > 0, "merge produced an empty frame"
assert len(merged) <= total_in, "more rows than inputs — check the concat/join"
assert merged["email"].is_unique, "duplicate keys remain after dedup"

print(f"in: {total_in} rows | out: {len(merged)} rows | removed: {total_in - len(merged)}")
print(f"null keys: {merged['email'].isna().sum()} | columns: {list(merged.columns)}")

Report rows in vs. out, duplicates removed, and per-column completeness so the user can sanity-check the numbers against their own expectations.

Special cases

• Compound keys — when no single column is unique, key on a tuple: subset=["email", "company"].
• Mixed data types — standardize dates, phone numbers, and country codes; strip whitespace and normalize casing before deduping, or near-duplicates slip through.
• Missing columns — fill absent columns with empty values and flag them in the report; never silently drop data.
• Large files (>100MB) — read in chunks (pd.read_csv(path, chunksize=...)), report progress, and estimate memory before loading everything at once.

Guidelines

• Column matching — prefer exact, then case-insensitive, then fuzzy. Always emit the original → unified mapping so every match is auditable, and allow manual override.
• Data quality — trim whitespace, standardize formats, flag invalid values, preserve types.
• Transparency — track the source file for every surviving row, log each merge decision, and report all conflicts with their resolutions.
• Performance — chunk large files, process in batches, and show progress on long-running merges.

Example triggers

• "Merge these three CSV files"
• "Combine multiple Excel sheets into one file"
• "Deduplicate and merge customer data"
• "Join spreadsheets with different column names"
• "Consolidate contact lists from different sources"