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SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) · FreedomIntelligence | DecimalAI

AI/MLby FreedomIntelligence

SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations)

Model interpretability and explainability using SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations).

Never made a case worse

SkillScore

SkillScore14/100

Test results 14

Safety

3/3 safety checks passed

Code scan
Intent
Content

What it changes

5%14%of test cases passed +9 pts

Without skill1 of 22

With skill3 of 22

2 fixed1 passed either way19 still failing0 broke

Measured on gemini-3.6-flash7/26/2026v1

Track record

Agent runs: 12; All time

Use this skill

Your agent runs on

Adds every file the skill has, pinned so you can update it. No account needed.

pip install "decimalai>=0.15"
decimalai skills add shap
claude --plugin-dir "$(git rev-parse --show-toplevel 2>/dev/null || pwd)/.agents"

The same install from Python, for a notebook or a setup script.

Install

pip install "decimalai>=0.15"

Add the skill

from decimalai import skillpkg

# Writes .agents/skills and .decimal/skills.toml. Safe to run twice.
result = skillpkg.add("shap")
if result.exit_code:
    raise SystemExit(result.problems)

print("Added. Start Claude Code with the command below.")

Start Claude Code with it

claude --plugin-dir "$(git rev-parse --show-toplevel 2>/dev/null || pwd)/.agents"

Type these in a Claude Code session. No account or API key. It writes the skill and any files it bundles, and asks first when its safety rating isn't Passed.

Add the DecimalAI plugin, once

/plugin marketplace add decimal-labs/decimalai-claude-plugins
/plugin install decimalai@decimalai

Install this skill

/decimalai:install shap

The plugin needs python3 and curl on your machine.

No Python or account. Claude Code picks it up in its next session.

Save it into your project

curl -fsSL --create-dirs -o .claude/skills/shap/SKILL.md https://app.decimal.ai/s/shap/SKILL.md

Copy SKILL.md

Save it in your project, as

.claude/skills/shap/SKILL.md

This gets SKILL.md only. The skill's 4 other files are not included.

Other ways to add it

Claude Code docs

agent_config() hands your agent the skill. With no DecimalAI key it reads your project's files and sends nothing. Needs SDK 0.27 or newer.

Install

pip install "decimalai[claude-agent-sdk]"
decimalai skills add shap

Add it to your agent

import asyncio

from claude_agent_sdk import ClaudeAgentOptions
from decimalai.claude_agent_sdk import agent_config

# With no DECIMAL_API_KEY this reads the skills your project lists, from disk.
support = agent_config("support", fallback="You are a helpful agent.")

async def main():
    question = "Hello!"
    async with support.run(question) as run:  # one user message, one run
        async for message in run.query(options=ClaudeAgentOptions(max_turns=6)):
            print(message)

# In a notebook or async code: await main()
asyncio.run(main())

Prefer its own loader? ClaudeAgentOptions(plugins=[skills_plugin()], skills="all") reads the same folder. Use one or the other: a skill delivered both ways reaches the prompt twice.

The same install from Python, for a notebook or a setup script. agent_config() hands your agent the skill. With no DecimalAI key it reads your project's files and sends nothing. Needs SDK 0.27 or newer.

Install

pip install "decimalai[claude-agent-sdk]"

Add it to your agent

from decimalai import skillpkg

# Writes .agents/skills and .decimal/skills.toml. Safe to run twice.
result = skillpkg.add("shap")
if result.exit_code:
    raise SystemExit(result.problems)

import asyncio

from claude_agent_sdk import ClaudeAgentOptions
from decimalai.claude_agent_sdk import agent_config

# With no DECIMAL_API_KEY this reads the skills your project lists, from disk.
support = agent_config("support", fallback="You are a helpful agent.")

async def main():
    question = "Hello!"
    async with support.run(question) as run:  # one user message, one run
        async for message in run.query(options=ClaudeAgentOptions(max_turns=6)):
            print(message)

# In a notebook or async code: await main()
asyncio.run(main())

Prefer its own loader? ClaudeAgentOptions(plugins=[skills_plugin()], skills="all") reads the same folder. Use one or the other: a skill delivered both ways reaches the prompt twice.

No DecimalAI package. The whole skill goes in every prompt, and nothing pins or updates it.

Copy SKILL.md

Save it in your project, as

.agents/skills/shap/SKILL.md

Give it to your agent

import asyncio
from pathlib import Path
from claude_agent_sdk import ClaudeAgentOptions, query

skill = Path(".agents/skills/shap/SKILL.md").read_text()
options = ClaudeAgentOptions(system_prompt=f"You are a helpful agent.\n\n{skill}", max_turns=6)

async def main():
    async for message in query(prompt="Hello!", options=options):
        print(message)

# In a notebook or async code: await main()
asyncio.run(main())

This gets SKILL.md only. The skill's 4 other files are not included.

Other ways to add it

Claude Agent SDK docs

agent_config() hands your agent the skill. With no DecimalAI key it reads your project's files and sends nothing. Needs SDK 0.27 or newer.

Install

pip install "decimalai[openai-agents]"
decimalai skills add shap

Add it to your agent

from agents import Agent, Runner
from decimalai.openai_agents import agent_config

# With no DECIMAL_API_KEY this reads the skills your project lists, from disk.
support = agent_config("support", fallback="You are a helpful agent.")

agent = Agent(
    name=support.name,
    instructions=support.instructions,  # your prompt, then the skill list
    tools=[*support.tools],             # your tools, then load_skill
)
# In a notebook or async code: result = await Runner.run(agent, "Hello!")
result = Runner.run_sync(agent, "Hello!")

Using SandboxAgent? capabilities=[Shell(), decimalai.openai_agents.sandbox_skills()] points its own loader at the same folder.

Install

pip install "decimalai[openai-agents]"

Add it to your agent

from decimalai import skillpkg

# Writes .agents/skills and .decimal/skills.toml. Safe to run twice.
result = skillpkg.add("shap")
if result.exit_code:
    raise SystemExit(result.problems)

from agents import Agent, Runner
from decimalai.openai_agents import agent_config

# With no DECIMAL_API_KEY this reads the skills your project lists, from disk.
support = agent_config("support", fallback="You are a helpful agent.")

agent = Agent(
    name=support.name,
    instructions=support.instructions,  # your prompt, then the skill list
    tools=[*support.tools],             # your tools, then load_skill
)
# In a notebook or async code: result = await Runner.run(agent, "Hello!")
result = Runner.run_sync(agent, "Hello!")

Using SandboxAgent? capabilities=[Shell(), decimalai.openai_agents.sandbox_skills()] points its own loader at the same folder.

No DecimalAI package. The whole skill goes in every prompt, and nothing pins or updates it.

Copy SKILL.md

Save it in your project, as

.agents/skills/shap/SKILL.md

Give it to your agent

from pathlib import Path
from agents import Agent, Runner

skill = Path(".agents/skills/shap/SKILL.md").read_text()
agent = Agent(name="support", instructions=f"You are a helpful agent.\n\n{skill}")
# In a notebook or async code: result = await Runner.run(agent, "Hello!")
result = Runner.run_sync(agent, "Hello!")

This gets SKILL.md only. The skill's 4 other files are not included.

Other ways to add it

OpenAI Agents docs

agent_config() hands your agent the skill. With no DecimalAI key it reads your project's files and sends nothing. Needs SDK 0.27 or newer.

Install

pip install "decimalai[openai]"
decimalai skills add shap

Add it to your agent

import json

from openai import OpenAI
from decimalai.openai import agent_config

client = OpenAI()
# With no DECIMAL_API_KEY this reads the skills your project lists, from disk.
support = agent_config("support", fallback="You are a helpful agent.")


def lookup_order(order_id: str) -> str:
    return f"Order {order_id} shipped yesterday."


# Your tools, as Chat Completions takes them, and what answers each.
TOOLS = [{"type": "function", "function": {
    "name": "lookup_order",
    "description": "Look up the status of an order.",
    "parameters": {"type": "object", "properties": {"order_id": {"type": "string"}},
                   "required": ["order_id"]},
}}]
FUNCTIONS = {"lookup_order": lookup_order}

question = "Where is order A1001?"
with support.run(question) as run:  # one user message, one run
    # run.system is your prompt, then the skill list.
    messages = [{"role": "system", "content": run.system}, run.message]
    while True:
        reply = client.chat.completions.create(
            model="gpt-5.4-mini",
            messages=messages,
            tools=[*TOOLS, *run.tools],  # your tools, then load_skill
        ).choices[0].message
        messages.append(reply)
        if not reply.tool_calls:
            break
        for call in reply.tool_calls:
            # load_skill is answered by the run; your own tools by FUNCTIONS.
            function = FUNCTIONS.get(call.function.name)
            messages.append(run.tool_result(call) or {
                "role": "tool", "tool_call_id": call.id,
                "content": function(**json.loads(call.function.arguments)) if function
                else f"There is no tool named {call.function.name!r}.",
            })
print(reply.content)

# The Responses API takes run.response_tools instead of run.tools.

Install

pip install "decimalai[openai]"

Add it to your agent

from decimalai import skillpkg

# Writes .agents/skills and .decimal/skills.toml. Safe to run twice.
result = skillpkg.add("shap")
if result.exit_code:
    raise SystemExit(result.problems)

import json

from openai import OpenAI
from decimalai.openai import agent_config

client = OpenAI()
# With no DECIMAL_API_KEY this reads the skills your project lists, from disk.
support = agent_config("support", fallback="You are a helpful agent.")


def lookup_order(order_id: str) -> str:
    return f"Order {order_id} shipped yesterday."


# Your tools, as Chat Completions takes them, and what answers each.
TOOLS = [{"type": "function", "function": {
    "name": "lookup_order",
    "description": "Look up the status of an order.",
    "parameters": {"type": "object", "properties": {"order_id": {"type": "string"}},
                   "required": ["order_id"]},
}}]
FUNCTIONS = {"lookup_order": lookup_order}

question = "Where is order A1001?"
with support.run(question) as run:  # one user message, one run
    # run.system is your prompt, then the skill list.
    messages = [{"role": "system", "content": run.system}, run.message]
    while True:
        reply = client.chat.completions.create(
            model="gpt-5.4-mini",
            messages=messages,
            tools=[*TOOLS, *run.tools],  # your tools, then load_skill
        ).choices[0].message
        messages.append(reply)
        if not reply.tool_calls:
            break
        for call in reply.tool_calls:
            # load_skill is answered by the run; your own tools by FUNCTIONS.
            function = FUNCTIONS.get(call.function.name)
            messages.append(run.tool_result(call) or {
                "role": "tool", "tool_call_id": call.id,
                "content": function(**json.loads(call.function.arguments)) if function
                else f"There is no tool named {call.function.name!r}.",
            })
print(reply.content)

# The Responses API takes run.response_tools instead of run.tools.

No DecimalAI package. The whole skill goes in every prompt, and nothing pins or updates it.

Copy SKILL.md

Save it in your project, as

.agents/skills/shap/SKILL.md

Give it to your agent

from pathlib import Path
from openai import OpenAI

client = OpenAI()
skill = Path(".agents/skills/shap/SKILL.md").read_text()
reply = client.chat.completions.create(
    model="gpt-5.4-mini",
    messages=[
        {"role": "system", "content": f"You are a helpful agent.\n\n{skill}"},
        {"role": "user", "content": "Hello!"},
    ],
).choices[0].message

This gets SKILL.md only. The skill's 4 other files are not included.

Other ways to add it

OpenAI SDK docs

agent_config() hands your agent the skill. With no DecimalAI key it reads your project's files and sends nothing. Needs SDK 0.27 or newer.

Install

pip install "decimalai[anthropic]"
decimalai skills add shap

Add it to your agent

import anthropic
from decimalai.anthropic import agent_config

client = anthropic.Anthropic()
# With no DECIMAL_API_KEY this reads the skills your project lists, from disk.
support = agent_config("support", fallback="You are a helpful agent.")

question = "Hello!"
with support.run(question) as run:  # one user message, one run
    answer = client.beta.messages.tool_runner(
        model="claude-haiku-5-5",
        max_tokens=4096,
        system=run.system,     # your prompt, then the skill list
        tools=[*run.tools],    # your tools, then load_skill
        messages=[{"role": "user", "content": question}],
    ).until_done()

Install

pip install "decimalai[anthropic]"

Add it to your agent

from decimalai import skillpkg

# Writes .agents/skills and .decimal/skills.toml. Safe to run twice.
result = skillpkg.add("shap")
if result.exit_code:
    raise SystemExit(result.problems)

import anthropic
from decimalai.anthropic import agent_config

client = anthropic.Anthropic()
# With no DECIMAL_API_KEY this reads the skills your project lists, from disk.
support = agent_config("support", fallback="You are a helpful agent.")

question = "Hello!"
with support.run(question) as run:  # one user message, one run
    answer = client.beta.messages.tool_runner(
        model="claude-haiku-5-5",
        max_tokens=4096,
        system=run.system,     # your prompt, then the skill list
        tools=[*run.tools],    # your tools, then load_skill
        messages=[{"role": "user", "content": question}],
    ).until_done()

No DecimalAI package. The whole skill goes in every prompt, and nothing pins or updates it.

Copy SKILL.md

Save it in your project, as

.agents/skills/shap/SKILL.md

Give it to your agent

from pathlib import Path
import anthropic

client = anthropic.Anthropic()
skill = Path(".agents/skills/shap/SKILL.md").read_text()
reply = client.messages.create(
    model="claude-haiku-5-5",
    max_tokens=4096,
    system=f"You are a helpful agent.\n\n{skill}",
    messages=[{"role": "user", "content": "Hello!"}],
)

This gets SKILL.md only. The skill's 4 other files are not included.

Other ways to add it

Anthropic docs

agent_config() hands your agent the skill. With no DecimalAI key it reads your project's files and sends nothing. Needs SDK 0.27 or newer.

Install

pip install "decimalai[google-genai]"
decimalai skills add shap

Add it to your agent

from google import genai
from google.genai import types
from decimalai.google_genai import agent_config

client = genai.Client()
# With no DECIMAL_API_KEY this reads the skills your project lists, from disk.
support = agent_config("support", fallback="You are a helpful agent.")


def lookup_order(order_id: str) -> str:
    return f"Order {order_id} shipped yesterday."


# Your functions, as declarations for the model, and what answers each.
TOOLS = [{"function_declarations": [{
    "name": "lookup_order",
    "description": "Look up the status of an order.",
    "parameters_json_schema": {"type": "object", "properties": {"order_id": {"type": "string"}},
                               "required": ["order_id"]},
}]}]
FUNCTIONS = {"lookup_order": lookup_order}

question = "Where is order A1001?"
with support.run(question) as run:  # one user message, one run
    config = types.GenerateContentConfig(
        system_instruction=run.system,     # your prompt, then the skill list
        tools=[*TOOLS, *run.tool_params],  # your functions, then load_skill
    )
    contents = [{"role": "user", "parts": [{"text": run.message}]}]
    while True:
        response = client.models.generate_content(
            model="gemini-3.5-flash", contents=contents, config=config,
        )
        if not response.function_calls:
            break
        contents.append(response.candidates[0].content)
        parts = []
        for call in response.function_calls:
            # load_skill is answered by the run; your own functions by FUNCTIONS.
            # A loop of your own rather than automatic function calling, which
            # raises KeyError when the model asks for a function you did not pass.
            function = FUNCTIONS.get(call.name)
            parts.append(run.tool_result(call) or {"function_response": {
                "name": call.name, "id": call.id,
                "response": {"result": function(**(call.args or {})) if function
                             else f"There is no function named {call.name!r}."},
            }})
        contents.append({"role": "user", "parts": parts})
print(response.text)

Install

pip install "decimalai[google-genai]"

Add it to your agent

from decimalai import skillpkg

# Writes .agents/skills and .decimal/skills.toml. Safe to run twice.
result = skillpkg.add("shap")
if result.exit_code:
    raise SystemExit(result.problems)

from google import genai
from google.genai import types
from decimalai.google_genai import agent_config

client = genai.Client()
# With no DECIMAL_API_KEY this reads the skills your project lists, from disk.
support = agent_config("support", fallback="You are a helpful agent.")


def lookup_order(order_id: str) -> str:
    return f"Order {order_id} shipped yesterday."


# Your functions, as declarations for the model, and what answers each.
TOOLS = [{"function_declarations": [{
    "name": "lookup_order",
    "description": "Look up the status of an order.",
    "parameters_json_schema": {"type": "object", "properties": {"order_id": {"type": "string"}},
                               "required": ["order_id"]},
}]}]
FUNCTIONS = {"lookup_order": lookup_order}

question = "Where is order A1001?"
with support.run(question) as run:  # one user message, one run
    config = types.GenerateContentConfig(
        system_instruction=run.system,     # your prompt, then the skill list
        tools=[*TOOLS, *run.tool_params],  # your functions, then load_skill
    )
    contents = [{"role": "user", "parts": [{"text": run.message}]}]
    while True:
        response = client.models.generate_content(
            model="gemini-3.5-flash", contents=contents, config=config,
        )
        if not response.function_calls:
            break
        contents.append(response.candidates[0].content)
        parts = []
        for call in response.function_calls:
            # load_skill is answered by the run; your own functions by FUNCTIONS.
            # A loop of your own rather than automatic function calling, which
            # raises KeyError when the model asks for a function you did not pass.
            function = FUNCTIONS.get(call.name)
            parts.append(run.tool_result(call) or {"function_response": {
                "name": call.name, "id": call.id,
                "response": {"result": function(**(call.args or {})) if function
                             else f"There is no function named {call.name!r}."},
            }})
        contents.append({"role": "user", "parts": parts})
print(response.text)

No DecimalAI package. The whole skill goes in every prompt, and nothing pins or updates it.

Copy SKILL.md

Save it in your project, as

.agents/skills/shap/SKILL.md

Give it to your agent

from pathlib import Path
from google import genai
from google.genai import types

client = genai.Client()
skill = Path(".agents/skills/shap/SKILL.md").read_text()
response = client.models.generate_content(
    model="gemini-3.5-flash",
    contents="Hello!",
    config=types.GenerateContentConfig(system_instruction=f"You are a helpful agent.\n\n{skill}"),
)

This gets SKILL.md only. The skill's 4 other files are not included.

Other ways to add it

Gemini API docs

agent_config() hands your agent the skill. With no DecimalAI key it reads your project's files and sends nothing. Needs SDK 0.27 or newer.

Install

pip install "decimalai[langchain]" langchain-openai
decimalai skills add shap

Add it to your agent

from langchain.agents import create_agent
from decimalai.langchain import agent_config

# With no DECIMAL_API_KEY this reads the skills your project lists, from disk.
support = agent_config("support", fallback="You are a helpful agent.")

agent = create_agent(
    "openai:gpt-5.4-mini",
    tools=[],                         # your tools; the middleware adds load_skill
    middleware=[support.middleware],  # your prompt, the skill list and load_skill
)
result = agent.invoke({"messages": [{"role": "user", "content": "Hello!"}]})

Install

pip install "decimalai[langchain]" langchain-openai

Add it to your agent

from decimalai import skillpkg

# Writes .agents/skills and .decimal/skills.toml. Safe to run twice.
result = skillpkg.add("shap")
if result.exit_code:
    raise SystemExit(result.problems)

from langchain.agents import create_agent
from decimalai.langchain import agent_config

# With no DECIMAL_API_KEY this reads the skills your project lists, from disk.
support = agent_config("support", fallback="You are a helpful agent.")

agent = create_agent(
    "openai:gpt-5.4-mini",
    tools=[],                         # your tools; the middleware adds load_skill
    middleware=[support.middleware],  # your prompt, the skill list and load_skill
)
result = agent.invoke({"messages": [{"role": "user", "content": "Hello!"}]})

No DecimalAI package. The whole skill goes in every prompt, and nothing pins or updates it.

Copy SKILL.md

Save it in your project, as

.agents/skills/shap/SKILL.md

Give it to your agent

from pathlib import Path
from langchain.agents import create_agent

skill = Path(".agents/skills/shap/SKILL.md").read_text()
agent = create_agent("openai:gpt-5.4-mini", tools=[], system_prompt=f"You are a helpful agent.\n\n{skill}")
result = agent.invoke({"messages": [{"role": "user", "content": "Hello!"}]})

This gets SKILL.md only. The skill's 4 other files are not included.

Other ways to add it

LangChain docs

CrewAI's own skill loader reads the installed folder. No DecimalAI account needed.

Install

pip install "decimalai>=0.16" "crewai>=1.15.27"
decimalai skills add shap

Add it to your agent

import decimalai.crewai
from crewai import Agent, Crew, Task

agent = Agent(
    role="Support", goal="Help the customer", backstory="A support agent.",
    llm=llm,                               # your own CrewAI LLM
    skills=decimalai.crewai.skills(),      # the installed folder
    tools=decimalai.crewai.skill_tools(),  # reads a skill's files, runs its scripts
)
task = Task(description="Hello!", expected_output="an answer", agent=agent)
Crew(agents=[agent], tasks=[task]).kickoff()

The same install from Python, for a notebook or a setup script. CrewAI's own skill loader reads the installed folder. No DecimalAI account needed.

Install

pip install "decimalai>=0.16" "crewai>=1.15.27"

Add it to your agent

from decimalai import skillpkg

# Writes .agents/skills and .decimal/skills.toml. Safe to run twice.
result = skillpkg.add("shap")
if result.exit_code:
    raise SystemExit(result.problems)

import decimalai.crewai
from crewai import Agent, Crew, Task

agent = Agent(
    role="Support", goal="Help the customer", backstory="A support agent.",
    llm=llm,                               # your own CrewAI LLM
    skills=decimalai.crewai.skills(),      # the installed folder
    tools=decimalai.crewai.skill_tools(),  # reads a skill's files, runs its scripts
)
task = Task(description="Hello!", expected_output="an answer", agent=agent)
Crew(agents=[agent], tasks=[task]).kickoff()

No DecimalAI package. CrewAI's own loader reads the folder, and nothing pins or updates it.

Copy SKILL.md

Save it in your project, as

.agents/skills/shap/SKILL.md

Give it to your agent

from pathlib import Path
from crewai import Agent, Crew, Task

agent = Agent(
    role="Support", goal="Help the customer", backstory="A support agent.",
    llm=llm,                         # your own CrewAI LLM
    skills=[Path(".agents/skills")],
)
task = Task(description="Hello!", expected_output="an answer", agent=agent)
Crew(agents=[agent], tasks=[task]).kickoff()

This gets SKILL.md only. The skill's 4 other files are not included.

Other ways to add it

CrewAI docs

agent_config() hands your agent the skill. With no DecimalAI key it reads your project's files and sends nothing. Needs SDK 0.27 or newer.

Install

pip install "decimalai[adk]"
decimalai skills add shap

Add it to your agent

from decimalai.adk import DecimalAIPlugin, agent_config
from google.adk.agents import LlmAgent
from google.adk.apps import App

# With no DECIMAL_API_KEY this reads the skills your project lists, from disk.
support = agent_config("support", fallback="You are a helpful agent.")

agent = LlmAgent(
    name="support",          # ADK needs a Python identifier
    model="gemini-3.5-flash",
    instruction=support.instruction,  # your prompt, then the skill list
    tools=[*support.tools],           # your tools, then load_skill
)
# DecimalAIPlugin makes each invocation of runners built from this App one trace.
app = App(name="support", root_agent=agent, plugins=[DecimalAIPlugin()])

Prefer ADK's own loader? SkillToolset(skills=decimalai.adk.skills(), ...) reads the same folder. Use one or the other: a skill delivered both ways reaches the prompt twice.

Install

pip install "decimalai[adk]"

Add it to your agent

from decimalai import skillpkg

# Writes .agents/skills and .decimal/skills.toml. Safe to run twice.
result = skillpkg.add("shap")
if result.exit_code:
    raise SystemExit(result.problems)

from decimalai.adk import DecimalAIPlugin, agent_config
from google.adk.agents import LlmAgent
from google.adk.apps import App

# With no DECIMAL_API_KEY this reads the skills your project lists, from disk.
support = agent_config("support", fallback="You are a helpful agent.")

agent = LlmAgent(
    name="support",          # ADK needs a Python identifier
    model="gemini-3.5-flash",
    instruction=support.instruction,  # your prompt, then the skill list
    tools=[*support.tools],           # your tools, then load_skill
)
# DecimalAIPlugin makes each invocation of runners built from this App one trace.
app = App(name="support", root_agent=agent, plugins=[DecimalAIPlugin()])

Prefer ADK's own loader? SkillToolset(skills=decimalai.adk.skills(), ...) reads the same folder. Use one or the other: a skill delivered both ways reaches the prompt twice.

No DecimalAI package. The whole skill goes in every prompt, and nothing pins or updates it.

Copy SKILL.md

Save it in your project, as

.agents/skills/shap/SKILL.md

Give it to your agent

from pathlib import Path
from google.adk.agents import LlmAgent

skill = Path(".agents/skills/shap/SKILL.md").read_text()
agent = LlmAgent(
    name="support",
    model="gemini-3.5-flash",
    instruction=lambda context: f"You are a helpful agent.\n\n{skill}",
)

This gets SKILL.md only. The skill's 4 other files are not included.

Other ways to add it

Google ADK docs

agent_config() hands your agent the skill. With no DecimalAI key it reads your project's files and sends nothing. Needs SDK 0.27 or newer.

Install

pip install "decimalai[pydantic-ai]"
decimalai skills add shap

Add it to your agent

from pydantic_ai import Agent
from decimalai.pydantic_ai import agent_config

# With no DECIMAL_API_KEY this reads the skills your project lists, from disk.
support = agent_config("support", fallback="You are a helpful agent.")

agent = Agent(
    "openai:gpt-4o-mini",
    name=support.name,
    tools=[],                 # your tools; the capability adds load_skill
    capabilities=[support],   # your prompt, the skill list and load_skill
)
# In a notebook or async code: result = await agent.run("Hello!")
result = agent.run_sync("Hello!")

On the Pydantic AI harness, decimalai.pydantic_ai_harness.skills(project) uses its own loader instead.

Install

pip install "decimalai[pydantic-ai]"

Add it to your agent

from decimalai import skillpkg

# Writes .agents/skills and .decimal/skills.toml. Safe to run twice.
result = skillpkg.add("shap")
if result.exit_code:
    raise SystemExit(result.problems)

from pydantic_ai import Agent
from decimalai.pydantic_ai import agent_config

# With no DECIMAL_API_KEY this reads the skills your project lists, from disk.
support = agent_config("support", fallback="You are a helpful agent.")

agent = Agent(
    "openai:gpt-4o-mini",
    name=support.name,
    tools=[],                 # your tools; the capability adds load_skill
    capabilities=[support],   # your prompt, the skill list and load_skill
)
# In a notebook or async code: result = await agent.run("Hello!")
result = agent.run_sync("Hello!")

On the Pydantic AI harness, decimalai.pydantic_ai_harness.skills(project) uses its own loader instead.

No DecimalAI package. The whole skill goes in every prompt, and nothing pins or updates it.

Copy SKILL.md

Save it in your project, as

.agents/skills/shap/SKILL.md

Give it to your agent

from pathlib import Path
from pydantic_ai import Agent

skill = Path(".agents/skills/shap/SKILL.md").read_text()
agent = Agent("openai:gpt-4o-mini", instructions=f"You are a helpful agent.\n\n{skill}")
# In a notebook or async code: result = await agent.run("Hello!")
result = agent.run_sync("Hello!")

This gets SKILL.md only. The skill's 4 other files are not included.

Other ways to add it

Pydantic AI docs

Deep Agents' own skill loader reads the installed folder. No DecimalAI account needed.

Install

pip install "decimalai>=0.16" deepagents
decimalai skills add shap

Add it to your agent

import decimalai.deepagents
from deepagents import create_deep_agent

agent = create_deep_agent(model=model, **decimalai.deepagents.skills())
agent.invoke({"messages": [{"role": "user", "content": "Hello!"}]})

The default backend reads files but has no shell. To run a skill's scripts, pass skills(backend=LocalShellBackend(...)).

The same install from Python, for a notebook or a setup script. Deep Agents' own skill loader reads the installed folder. No DecimalAI account needed.

Install

pip install "decimalai>=0.16" deepagents

Add it to your agent

from decimalai import skillpkg

# Writes .agents/skills and .decimal/skills.toml. Safe to run twice.
result = skillpkg.add("shap")
if result.exit_code:
    raise SystemExit(result.problems)

import decimalai.deepagents
from deepagents import create_deep_agent

agent = create_deep_agent(model=model, **decimalai.deepagents.skills())
agent.invoke({"messages": [{"role": "user", "content": "Hello!"}]})

The default backend reads files but has no shell. To run a skill's scripts, pass skills(backend=LocalShellBackend(...)).

No DecimalAI package. The whole skill goes in every prompt, and nothing pins or updates it.

Copy SKILL.md

Save it in your project, as

.agents/skills/shap/SKILL.md

Give it to your agent

from pathlib import Path
from deepagents import create_deep_agent

skill = Path(".agents/skills/shap/SKILL.md").read_text()
agent = create_deep_agent(model=model, system_prompt=f"You are a helpful agent.\n\n{skill}")
agent.invoke({"messages": [{"role": "user", "content": "Hello!"}]})

This gets SKILL.md only. The skill's 4 other files are not included.

Other ways to add it

Deep Agents docs

Its own skill loader reads the installed folder. No DecimalAI account needed.

Install

pip install "decimalai>=0.16" agent-framework
decimalai skills add shap

Add it to your agent

import asyncio

from agent_framework import Agent
from decimalai.agent_framework import skills

agent = Agent(client=client, instructions="You are a helpful agent.", context_providers=[skills()])
asyncio.run(agent.run("Hello!"))

It caches skills by default, so restart the process after decimalai skills update.

The same install from Python, for a notebook or a setup script. Its own skill loader reads the installed folder. No DecimalAI account needed.

Install

pip install "decimalai>=0.16" agent-framework

Add it to your agent

from decimalai import skillpkg

# Writes .agents/skills and .decimal/skills.toml. Safe to run twice.
result = skillpkg.add("shap")
if result.exit_code:
    raise SystemExit(result.problems)

import asyncio

from agent_framework import Agent
from decimalai.agent_framework import skills

agent = Agent(client=client, instructions="You are a helpful agent.", context_providers=[skills()])
asyncio.run(agent.run("Hello!"))

It caches skills by default, so restart the process after decimalai skills update.

No DecimalAI package. The whole skill goes in every prompt, and nothing pins or updates it.

Copy SKILL.md

Save it in your project, as

.agents/skills/shap/SKILL.md

Give it to your agent

import asyncio
from pathlib import Path
from agent_framework import Agent

skill = Path(".agents/skills/shap/SKILL.md").read_text()
agent = Agent(client=client, instructions=f"You are a helpful agent.\n\n{skill}")
asyncio.run(agent.run("Hello!"))

This gets SKILL.md only. The skill's 4 other files are not included.

Other ways to add it

Microsoft Agent Framework docs

Strands' own skill loader reads the installed folder. No DecimalAI account needed.

Install

pip install "decimalai>=0.16" strands-agents
decimalai skills add shap

Add it to your agent

from decimalai.strands import skills
from strands import Agent
from strands.vended_tools import file_editor, shell

agent = Agent(
    model=model,                # always pass one: the default is Amazon Bedrock
    system_prompt="You are a helpful agent.",
    tools=[file_editor, shell],
    plugins=[skills()],
)
agent("Hello!")

Strands loads an agent's skills once, so build the agent again after decimalai skills update.

The same install from Python, for a notebook or a setup script. Strands' own skill loader reads the installed folder. No DecimalAI account needed.

Install

pip install "decimalai>=0.16" strands-agents

Add it to your agent

from decimalai import skillpkg

# Writes .agents/skills and .decimal/skills.toml. Safe to run twice.
result = skillpkg.add("shap")
if result.exit_code:
    raise SystemExit(result.problems)

from decimalai.strands import skills
from strands import Agent
from strands.vended_tools import file_editor, shell

agent = Agent(
    model=model,                # always pass one: the default is Amazon Bedrock
    system_prompt="You are a helpful agent.",
    tools=[file_editor, shell],
    plugins=[skills()],
)
agent("Hello!")

Strands loads an agent's skills once, so build the agent again after decimalai skills update.

No DecimalAI package. The whole skill goes in every prompt, and nothing pins or updates it.

Copy SKILL.md

Save it in your project, as

.agents/skills/shap/SKILL.md

Give it to your agent

from pathlib import Path
from strands import Agent

skill = Path(".agents/skills/shap/SKILL.md").read_text()
agent = Agent(model=model, system_prompt=f"You are a helpful agent.\n\n{skill}")
agent("Hello!")

This gets SKILL.md only. The skill's 4 other files are not included.

Other ways to add it

Strands docs

Adds every file the skill has, pinned so you can update it. Cursor, Copilot, Cline and Warp read this folder by themselves.

pip install "decimalai>=0.15"
decimalai skills add shap

No Python or account. Cursor, Copilot, Cline and Warp read this folder by themselves.

Save it into your project

curl -fsSL --create-dirs -o .agents/skills/shap/SKILL.md https://app.decimal.ai/s/shap/SKILL.md

Copy SKILL.md

Save it in your project, as

.agents/skills/shap/SKILL.md

This gets SKILL.md only. The skill's 4 other files are not included.

Other ways to add it

Cursor and other editors docs

Fetch the file and give its text to your model as instructions. No account or package needed.

Get the file

curl -fsSL https://app.decimal.ai/s/shap/SKILL.md

Read the summary as JSON

curl -fsSL https://app.decimal.ai/s/shap.json

This gets SKILL.md only. The skill's 4 other files are not included.

Other ways to add it

Other setups docs

You don't need a DecimalAI account.

Version: v1, tested 7/26/2026
Source: FreedomIntelligence/OpenClaw-Medical-Skills ↗
License: Not recorded

Manage it in DecimalAI

Saved prompts and skills, pinned versions, and traces of this skill in your runs. DecimalAI does not run your agent.

Claude Code reads files from your project, so DecimalAI config does not apply there.

On Claude Agent SDK: save the skill to an agent here, set DECIMAL_API_KEY, and the same code uses it with no command to run. Changes you save reach the next run with no redeploy.

On OpenAI Agents: save the skill to an agent here, set DECIMAL_API_KEY, and the same code uses it with no command to run. Changes you save reach the next run with no redeploy.

On OpenAI SDK: save the skill to an agent here, set DECIMAL_API_KEY, and the same code uses it with no command to run. Changes you save reach the next run with no redeploy.

On Anthropic: save the skill to an agent here, set DECIMAL_API_KEY, and the same code uses it with no command to run. Changes you save reach the next run with no redeploy.

On Gemini API: save the skill to an agent here, set DECIMAL_API_KEY, and the same code uses it with no command to run. Changes you save reach the next run with no redeploy.

On LangChain: save the skill to an agent here, set DECIMAL_API_KEY, and the same code uses it with no command to run. Changes you save reach the next run with no redeploy.

On CrewAI: set DECIMAL_API_KEY and add decimalai.init(crewai=True) to record runs and skill use. The skill version stays in your repo.

On Google ADK: save the skill to an agent here, set DECIMAL_API_KEY, and the same code uses it with no command to run. Changes you save reach the next run with no redeploy.

On Pydantic AI: save the skill to an agent here, set DECIMAL_API_KEY, and the same code uses it with no command to run. Changes you save reach the next run with no redeploy.

On Deep Agents: set DECIMAL_API_KEY and add decimalai.init(langchain=True) to record runs and skill use. The skill version stays in your repo.

On Microsoft Agent Framework: set DECIMAL_API_KEY and add decimalai.init(otel=True, agent_name="support") to record runs and skill use. The skill version stays in your repo.

On Strands: set DECIMAL_API_KEY and add decimalai.init(otel=True, agent_name="support") to record runs and skill use. The skill version stays in your repo.

Editors read files from your project, so DecimalAI config does not apply there.

Anywhere else: record a use with decimalai.log_skill_activation() inside a trace.

Use this skill

SKILL.md

SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations)

Overview

SHAP is a unified approach to explain machine learning model outputs using Shapley values from cooperative game theory. This skill provides comprehensive guidance for:

Computing SHAP values for any model type
Creating visualizations to understand feature importance
Debugging and validating model behavior
Analyzing fairness and bias
Implementing explainable AI in production

SHAP works with all model types: tree-based models (XGBoost, LightGBM, CatBoost, Random Forest), deep learning models (TensorFlow, PyTorch, Keras), linear models, and black-box models.

When to Use This Skill

Trigger this skill when users ask about:

"Explain which features are most important in my model"
"Generate SHAP plots" (waterfall, beeswarm, bar, scatter, force, heatmap, etc.)
"Why did my model make this prediction?"
"Calculate SHAP values for my model"
"Visualize feature importance using SHAP"
"Debug my model's behavior" or "validate my model"
"Check my model for bias" or "analyze fairness"
"Compare feature importance across models"
"Implement explainable AI" or "add explanations to my model"
"Understand feature interactions"
"Create model interpretation dashboard"

Quick Start Guide

Step 1: Select the Right Explainer

Decision Tree:

Tree-based model? (XGBoost, LightGBM, CatBoost, Random Forest, Gradient Boosting)
- Use shap.TreeExplainer (fast, exact)
Deep neural network? (TensorFlow, PyTorch, Keras, CNNs, RNNs, Transformers)
- Use shap.DeepExplainer or shap.GradientExplainer
Linear model? (Linear/Logistic Regression, GLMs)
- Use shap.LinearExplainer (extremely fast)
Any other model? (SVMs, custom functions, black-box models)
- Use shap.KernelExplainer (model-agnostic but slower)
Unsure?
- Use shap.Explainer (automatically selects best algorithm)

See references/explainers.md for detailed information on all explainer types.

Step 2: Compute SHAP Values

import shap

# Example with tree-based model (XGBoost)
import xgboost as xgb

# Train model
model = xgb.XGBClassifier().fit(X_train, y_train)

# Create explainer
explainer = shap.TreeExplainer(model)

# Compute SHAP values
shap_values = explainer(X_test)

# The shap_values object contains:
# - values: SHAP values (feature attributions)
# - base_values: Expected model output (baseline)
# - data: Original feature values

Step 3: Visualize Results

For Global Understanding (entire dataset):

# Beeswarm plot - shows feature importance with value distributions
shap.plots.beeswarm(shap_values, max_display=15)

# Bar plot - clean summary of feature importance
shap.plots.bar(shap_values)

For Individual Predictions:

# Waterfall plot - detailed breakdown of single prediction
shap.plots.waterfall(shap_values[0])

# Force plot - additive force visualization
shap.plots.force(shap_values[0])

For Feature Relationships:

# Scatter plot - feature-prediction relationship
shap.plots.scatter(shap_values[:, "Feature_Name"])

# Colored by another feature to show interactions
shap.plots.scatter(shap_values[:, "Age"], color=shap_values[:, "Education"])

See references/plots.md for comprehensive guide on all plot types.

Core Workflows

This skill supports several common workflows. Choose the workflow that matches the current task.

Workflow 1: Basic Model Explanation

Goal: Understand what drives model predictions

Steps:

Train model and create appropriate explainer
Compute SHAP values for test set
Generate global importance plots (beeswarm or bar)
Examine top feature relationships (scatter plots)
Explain specific predictions (waterfall plots)

Example:

# Step 1-2: Setup
explainer = shap.TreeExplainer(model)
shap_values = explainer(X_test)

# Step 3: Global importance
shap.plots.beeswarm(shap_values)

# Step 4: Feature relationships
shap.plots.scatter(shap_values[:, "Most_Important_Feature"])

# Step 5: Individual explanation
shap.plots.waterfall(shap_values[0])

Workflow 2: Model Debugging

Goal: Identify and fix model issues

Steps:

Compute SHAP values
Identify prediction errors
Explain misclassified samples
Check for unexpected feature importance (data leakage)
Validate feature relationships make sense
Check feature interactions

See references/workflows.md for detailed debugging workflow.

Workflow 3: Feature Engineering

Goal: Use SHAP insights to improve features

Steps:

Compute SHAP values for baseline model
Identify nonlinear relationships (candidates for transformation)
Identify feature interactions (candidates for interaction terms)
Engineer new features
Retrain and compare SHAP values
Validate improvements

See references/workflows.md for detailed feature engineering workflow.

Workflow 4: Model Comparison

Goal: Compare multiple models to select best interpretable option

Steps:

Train multiple models
Compute SHAP values for each
Compare global feature importance
Check consistency of feature rankings
Analyze specific predictions across models
Select based on accuracy, interpretability, and consistency

See references/workflows.md for detailed model comparison workflow.

Workflow 5: Fairness and Bias Analysis

Goal: Detect and analyze model bias across demographic groups

Steps:

Identify protected attributes (gender, race, age, etc.)
Compute SHAP values
Compare feature importance across groups
Check protected attribute SHAP importance
Identify proxy features
Implement mitigation strategies if bias found

See references/workflows.md for detailed fairness analysis workflow.

Workflow 6: Production Deployment

Goal: Integrate SHAP explanations into production systems

Steps:

Train and save model
Create and save explainer
Build explanation service
Create API endpoints for predictions with explanations
Implement caching and optimization
Monitor explanation quality

See references/workflows.md for detailed production deployment workflow.

Key Concepts

SHAP Values

Definition: SHAP values quantify each feature's contribution to a prediction, measured as the deviation from the expected model output (baseline).

Properties:

Additivity: SHAP values sum to difference between prediction and baseline
Fairness: Based on Shapley values from game theory
Consistency: If a feature becomes more important, its SHAP value increases

Interpretation:

Positive SHAP value → Feature pushes prediction higher
Negative SHAP value → Feature pushes prediction lower
Magnitude → Strength of feature's impact
Sum of SHAP values → Total prediction change from baseline

Example:

Baseline (expected value): 0.30
Feature contributions (SHAP values):
  Age: +0.15
  Income: +0.10
  Education: -0.05
Final prediction: 0.30 + 0.15 + 0.10 - 0.05 = 0.50

Background Data / Baseline

Purpose: Represents "typical" input to establish baseline expectations

Selection:

Random sample from training data (50-1000 samples)
Or use kmeans to select representative samples
For DeepExplainer/KernelExplainer: 100-1000 samples balances accuracy and speed

Impact: Baseline affects SHAP value magnitudes but not relative importance

Model Output Types

Critical Consideration: Understand what your model outputs

Raw output: For regression or tree margins
Probability: For classification probability
Log-odds: For logistic regression (before sigmoid)

Example: XGBoost classifiers explain margin output (log-odds) by default. To explain probabilities, use model_output="probability" in TreeExplainer.

Common Patterns

Pattern 1: Complete Model Analysis

# 1. Setup
explainer = shap.TreeExplainer(model)
shap_values = explainer(X_test)

# 2. Global importance
shap.plots.beeswarm(shap_values)
shap.plots.bar(shap_values)

# 3. Top feature relationships
top_features = X_test.columns[np.abs(shap_values.values).mean(0).argsort()[-5:]]
for feature in top_features:
    shap.plots.scatter(shap_values[:, feature])

# 4. Example predictions
for i in range(5):
    shap.plots.waterfall(shap_values[i])

Pattern 2: Cohort Comparison

# Define cohorts
cohort1_mask = X_test['Group'] == 'A'
cohort2_mask = X_test['Group'] == 'B'

# Compare feature importance
shap.plots.bar({
    "Group A": shap_values[cohort1_mask],
    "Group B": shap_values[cohort2_mask]
})

Pattern 3: Debugging Errors

# Find errors
errors = model.predict(X_test) != y_test
error_indices = np.where(errors)[0]

# Explain errors
for idx in error_indices[:5]:
    print(f"Sample {idx}:")
    shap.plots.waterfall(shap_values[idx])

    # Investigate key features
    shap.plots.scatter(shap_values[:, "Suspicious_Feature"])

Performance Optimization

Speed Considerations

Explainer Speed (fastest to slowest):

LinearExplainer - Nearly instantaneous
TreeExplainer - Very fast
DeepExplainer - Fast for neural networks
GradientExplainer - Fast for neural networks
KernelExplainer - Slow (use only when necessary)
PermutationExplainer - Very slow but accurate

Optimization Strategies

For Large Datasets:

# Compute SHAP for subset
shap_values = explainer(X_test[:1000])

# Or use batching
batch_size = 100
all_shap_values = []
for i in range(0, len(X_test), batch_size):
    batch_shap = explainer(X_test[i:i+batch_size])
    all_shap_values.append(batch_shap)

For Visualizations:

# Sample subset for plots
shap.plots.beeswarm(shap_values[:1000])

# Adjust transparency for dense plots
shap.plots.scatter(shap_values[:, "Feature"], alpha=0.3)

For Production:

# Cache explainer
import joblib
joblib.dump(explainer, 'explainer.pkl')
explainer = joblib.load('explainer.pkl')

# Pre-compute for batch predictions
# Only compute top N features for API responses

Troubleshooting

Issue: Wrong explainer choice

Problem: Using KernelExplainer for tree models (slow and unnecessary) Solution: Always use TreeExplainer for tree-based models

Issue: Insufficient background data

Problem: DeepExplainer/KernelExplainer with too few background samples Solution: Use 100-1000 representative samples

Issue: Confusing units

Problem: Interpreting log-odds as probabilities Solution: Check model output type; understand whether values are probabilities, log-odds, or raw outputs

Issue: Plots don't display

Problem: Matplotlib backend issues Solution: Ensure backend is set correctly; use plt.show() if needed

Issue: Too many features cluttering plots

Problem: Default max_display=10 may be too many or too few Solution: Adjust max_display parameter or use feature clustering

Issue: Slow computation

Problem: Computing SHAP for very large datasets Solution: Sample subset, use batching, or ensure using specialized explainer (not KernelExplainer)

Integration with Other Tools

Jupyter Notebooks

Interactive force plots work seamlessly
Inline plot display with show=True (default)
Combine with markdown for narrative explanations

MLflow / Experiment Tracking

import mlflow

with mlflow.start_run():
    # Train model
    model = train_model(X_train, y_train)

    # Compute SHAP
    explainer = shap.TreeExplainer(model)
    shap_values = explainer(X_test)

    # Log plots
    shap.plots.beeswarm(shap_values, show=False)
    mlflow.log_figure(plt.gcf(), "shap_beeswarm.png")
    plt.close()

    # Log feature importance metrics
    mean_abs_shap = np.abs(shap_values.values).mean(axis=0)
    for feature, importance in zip(X_test.columns, mean_abs_shap):
        mlflow.log_metric(f"shap_{feature}", importance)

Production APIs

class ExplanationService:
    def __init__(self, model_path, explainer_path):
        self.model = joblib.load(model_path)
        self.explainer = joblib.load(explainer_path)

    def predict_with_explanation(self, X):
        prediction = self.model.predict(X)
        shap_values = self.explainer(X)

        return {
            'prediction': prediction[0],
            'base_value': shap_values.base_values[0],
            'feature_contributions': dict(zip(X.columns, shap_values.values[0]))
        }

Reference Documentation

This skill includes comprehensive reference documentation organized by topic:

references/explainers.md

Complete guide to all explainer classes:

TreeExplainer - Fast, exact explanations for tree-based models
DeepExplainer - Deep learning models (TensorFlow, PyTorch)
KernelExplainer - Model-agnostic (works with any model)
LinearExplainer - Fast explanations for linear models
GradientExplainer - Gradient-based for neural networks
PermutationExplainer - Exact but slow for any model

Includes: Constructor parameters, methods, supported models, when to use, examples, performance considerations.

references/plots.md

Comprehensive visualization guide:

Waterfall plots - Individual prediction breakdowns
Beeswarm plots - Global importance with value distributions
Bar plots - Clean feature importance summaries
Scatter plots - Feature-prediction relationships and interactions
Force plots - Interactive additive force visualizations
Heatmap plots - Multi-sample comparison grids
Violin plots - Distribution-focused alternatives
Decision plots - Multiclass prediction paths

Includes: Parameters, use cases, examples, best practices, plot selection guide.

references/workflows.md

Detailed workflows and best practices:

Basic model explanation workflow
Model debugging and validation
Feature engineering guidance
Model comparison and selection
Fairness and bias analysis
Deep learning model explanation
Production deployment
Time series model explanation
Common pitfalls and solutions
Advanced techniques
MLOps integration

Includes: Step-by-step instructions, code examples, decision criteria, troubleshooting.

references/theory.md

Theoretical foundations:

Shapley values from game theory
Mathematical formulas and properties
Connection to other explanation methods (LIME, DeepLIFT, etc.)
SHAP computation algorithms (Tree SHAP, Kernel SHAP, etc.)
Conditional expectations and baseline selection
Interpreting SHAP values
Interaction values
Theoretical limitations and considerations

Includes: Mathematical foundations, proofs, comparisons, advanced topics.

Usage Guidelines

When to load reference files:

Load explainers.md when user needs detailed information about specific explainer types or parameters
Load plots.md when user needs detailed visualization guidance or exploring plot options
Load workflows.md when user has complex multi-step tasks (debugging, fairness analysis, production deployment)
Load theory.md when user asks about theoretical foundations, Shapley values, or mathematical details

Default approach (without loading references):

Use this SKILL.md for basic explanations and quick start
Provide standard workflows and common patterns
Reference files are available if more detail is needed

Loading references:

# To load reference files, use the Read tool with appropriate file path:
# /path/to/shap/references/explainers.md
# /path/to/shap/references/plots.md
# /path/to/shap/references/workflows.md
# /path/to/shap/references/theory.md

Best Practices Summary

Choose the right explainer: Use specialized explainers (TreeExplainer, DeepExplainer, LinearExplainer) when possible; avoid KernelExplainer unless necessary
Start global, then go local: Begin with beeswarm/bar plots for overall understanding, then dive into waterfall/scatter plots for details
Use multiple visualizations: Different plots reveal different insights; combine global (beeswarm) + local (waterfall) + relationship (scatter) views
Select appropriate background data: Use 50-1000 representative samples from training data
Understand model output units: Know whether explaining probabilities, log-odds, or raw outputs
Validate with domain knowledge: SHAP shows model behavior; use domain expertise to interpret and validate
Optimize for performance: Sample subsets for visualization, batch for large datasets, cache explainers in production
Check for data leakage: Unexpectedly high feature importance may indicate data quality issues
Consider feature correlations: Use TreeExplainer's correlation-aware options or feature clustering for redundant features
Remember SHAP shows association, not causation: Use domain knowledge for causal interpretation

Installation

# Basic installation
uv pip install shap

# With visualization dependencies
uv pip install shap matplotlib

# Latest version
uv pip install -U shap

Dependencies: numpy, pandas, scikit-learn, matplotlib, scipy

Optional: xgboost, lightgbm, tensorflow, torch (depending on model types)

Additional Resources

Official Documentation: https://shap.readthedocs.io/
GitHub Repository: https://github.com/slundberg/shap
Original Paper: Lundberg & Lee (2017) - "A Unified Approach to Interpreting Model Predictions"
Nature MI Paper: Lundberg et al. (2020) - "From local explanations to global understanding with explainable AI for trees"

This skill provides comprehensive coverage of SHAP for model interpretability across all use cases and model types.

When it activates

Automatically, when a task matches. Use this skill when explaining machine learning model predictions, computing feature importance, generating SHAP plots (waterfall, beeswarm, bar, scatter, force, heatmap), debugging models, analyzing model bias or fairness, comparing models, or implementing explainable AI. Works with tree-based models (XGBoost, LightGBM, Random Forest), deep learning (TensorFlow, PyTorch), linear models, and any black-box model

About this skill

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Source

Imported

FreedomIntelligence / OpenClaw-Medical-Skills

skills/shap/SKILL.md

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Imported 8/1/2026Version v1Bundled 4 files

Illustrative Want to see what shap would put in front of your model? Preview the rendered body and check its trigger phrases — no LLM call, no signup.

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Use this skill

SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations)

Overview

When to Use This Skill

Quick Start Guide

Step 1: Select the Right Explainer

Step 2: Compute SHAP Values

Step 3: Visualize Results

Core Workflows

Workflow 1: Basic Model Explanation

Workflow 2: Model Debugging

Workflow 3: Feature Engineering

Workflow 4: Model Comparison

Workflow 5: Fairness and Bias Analysis

Workflow 6: Production Deployment

Key Concepts

SHAP Values

Background Data / Baseline

Model Output Types

Common Patterns

Pattern 1: Complete Model Analysis

Pattern 2: Cohort Comparison

Pattern 3: Debugging Errors

Performance Optimization

Speed Considerations

Optimization Strategies

Troubleshooting

Issue: Wrong explainer choice

Issue: Insufficient background data

Issue: Confusing units

Issue: Plots don't display

Issue: Too many features cluttering plots

Issue: Slow computation

Integration with Other Tools

Jupyter Notebooks

MLflow / Experiment Tracking

Production APIs

Reference Documentation

references/explainers.md

references/plots.md

references/workflows.md

references/theory.md

Usage Guidelines

Best Practices Summary

Installation

Additional Resources

When it activates

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