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Get Started Free →仅在编写/更新/修复 C++ 测试、配置 GoogleTest/CTest、诊断失败或不稳定的测试、或添加覆盖率/检测器(Sanitizers)时使用。
| Test case | Without → With | Effect | Δ tokens | Δ turns |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| case-18 | ✗→✓ | ▲ Improved | 208% | 0% |
| case-21 | ✓→✗ | ▼ Worse | 177% | 0% |
| case-22 | ✓→✗ | ▼ Worse | 40% | 0% |
| case-23 | ✓→✗ | ▼ Worse | 70% | 0% |
| case-01 | ✓→✓ | = Same ✓ | 121% | 0% |
针对现代 C++(C++17/20)的代理导向测试工作流,使用 GoogleTest/GoogleMock 和 CMake/CTest。
tests/unit、tests/integration、tests/testdata。gtest_discover_tests() 进行稳定的测试发现。--output-on-failure 运行完整套件。遵循 RED → GREEN → REFACTOR 循环:
cpp// tests/add_test.cpp #include <gtest/gtest.h> int Add(int a, int b); // Provided by production code. TEST(AddTest, AddsTwoNumbers) { // RED EXPECT_EQ(Add(2, 3), 5); } // src/add.cpp int Add(int a, int b) { // GREEN return a + b; } // REFACTOR: simplify/rename once tests pass
cpp// tests/calculator_test.cpp #include <gtest/gtest.h> int Add(int a, int b); // Provided by production code. TEST(CalculatorTest, AddsTwoNumbers) { EXPECT_EQ(Add(2, 3), 5); }
cpp// tests/user_store_test.cpp // Pseudocode stub: replace UserStore/User with project types. #include <gtest/gtest.h> #include <memory> #include <optional> #include <string> struct User { std::string name; }; class UserStore { public: explicit UserStore(std::string /*path*/) {} void Seed(std::initializer_list<User> /*users*/) {} std::optional<User> Find(const std::string &/*name*/) { return User{"alice"}; } }; class UserStoreTest : public ::testing::Test { protected: void SetUp() override { store = std::make_unique<UserStore>(":memory:"); store->Seed({{"alice"}, {"bob"}}); } std::unique_ptr<UserStore> store; }; TEST_F(UserStoreTest, FindsExistingUser) { auto user = store->Find("alice"); ASSERT_TRUE(user.has_value()); EXPECT_EQ(user->name, "alice"); }
cpp// tests/notifier_test.cpp #include <gmock/gmock.h> #include <gtest/gtest.h> #include <string> class Notifier { public: virtual ~Notifier() = default; virtual void Send(const std::string &message) = 0; }; class MockNotifier : public Notifier { public: MOCK_METHOD(void, Send, (const std::string &message), (override)); }; class Service { public: explicit Service(Notifier ¬ifier) : notifier_(notifier) {} void Publish(const std::string &message) { notifier_.Send(message); } private: Notifier ¬ifier_; }; TEST(ServiceTest, SendsNotifications) { MockNotifier notifier; Service service(notifier); EXPECT_CALL(notifier, Send("hello")).Times(1); service.Publish("hello"); }
cmake# CMakeLists.txt (excerpt) cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.20) project(example LANGUAGES CXX) set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 20) set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON) include(FetchContent) # Prefer project-locked versions. If using a tag, use a pinned version per project policy. set(GTEST_VERSION v1.17.0) # Adjust to project policy. FetchContent_Declare( googletest URL Google Test framework (official repository) https://github.com/google/googletest/archive/refs/tags/${GTEST_VERSION}.zip ) FetchContent_MakeAvailable(googletest) add_executable(example_tests tests/calculator_test.cpp src/calculator.cpp ) target_link_libraries(example_tests GTest::gtest GTest::gmock GTest::gtest_main) enable_testing() include(GoogleTest) gtest_discover_tests(example_tests)
bashcmake -S . -B build -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug cmake --build build -j ctest --test-dir build --output-on-failure
bashctest --test-dir build --output-on-failure ctest --test-dir build -R ClampTest ctest --test-dir build -R "UserStoreTest.*" --output-on-failure
bash./build/example_tests --gtest_filter=ClampTest.* ./build/example_tests --gtest_filter=UserStoreTest.FindsExistingUser
优先使用目标级别的设置,而非全局标志。
cmakeoption(ENABLE_COVERAGE "Enable coverage flags" OFF) if(ENABLE_COVERAGE) if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID MATCHES "GNU") target_compile_options(example_tests PRIVATE --coverage) target_link_options(example_tests PRIVATE --coverage) elseif(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID MATCHES "Clang") target_compile_options(example_tests PRIVATE -fprofile-instr-generate -fcoverage-mapping) target_link_options(example_tests PRIVATE -fprofile-instr-generate) endif() endif()
GCC + gcov + lcov:
bashcmake -S . -B build-cov -DENABLE_COVERAGE=ON cmake --build build-cov -j ctest --test-dir build-cov lcov --capture --directory build-cov --output-file coverage.info lcov --remove coverage.info '/usr/*' --output-file coverage.info genhtml coverage.info --output-directory coverage
Clang + llvm-cov:
bashcmake -S . -B build-llvm -DENABLE_COVERAGE=ON -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=clang++ cmake --build build-llvm -j LLVM_PROFILE_FILE="build-llvm/default.profraw" ctest --test-dir build-llvm llvm-profdata merge -sparse build-llvm/default.profraw -o build-llvm/default.profdata llvm-cov report build-llvm/example_tests -instr-profile=build-llvm/default.profdata
cmakeoption(ENABLE_ASAN "Enable AddressSanitizer" OFF) option(ENABLE_UBSAN "Enable UndefinedBehaviorSanitizer" OFF) option(ENABLE_TSAN "Enable ThreadSanitizer" OFF) if(ENABLE_ASAN) add_compile_options(-fsanitize=address -fno-omit-frame-pointer) add_link_options(-fsanitize=address) endif() if(ENABLE_UBSAN) add_compile_options(-fsanitize=undefined -fno-omit-frame-pointer) add_link_options(-fsanitize=undefined) endif() if(ENABLE_TSAN) add_compile_options(-fsanitize=thread) add_link_options(-fsanitize=thread) endif()
sleep 进行同步;使用条件变量或门闩。ASSERT_*,对多个检查使用 EXPECT_*仅在项目已支持 LLVM/libFuzzer 或属性测试库时使用。
最小的 libFuzzer 测试框架(伪代码:替换 ParseConfig):
cpp#include <cstddef> #include <cstdint> #include <string> extern "C" int LLVMFuzzerTestOneInput(const uint8_t *data, size_t size) { std::string input(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(data), size); // ParseConfig(input); // project function return 0; }
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