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Get Started Free →LLM API 使用成本优化模式——基于任务复杂度的模型路由、预算跟踪、重试逻辑和提示词缓存。
| Test case | Without → With | Effect | Δ tokens | Δ turns |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| case-01 | ✗→✓ | ▲ Improved | 37% | 0% |
| case-07 | ✗→✓ | ▲ Improved | 46% | 0% |
| case-03 | ✗→✓ | ▲ Improved | 158% | 0% |
| case-09 | ✗→✓ | ▲ Improved | -9% | 0% |
| case-10 | ✗→✓ | ▲ Improved | 61% | 0% |
在保持质量的同时控制 LLM API 成本的模式。将模型路由 (Model Routing)、预算跟踪 (Budget Tracking)、重试逻辑 (Retry Logic) 和提示词缓存 (Prompt Caching) 组合成一个可复用的流水线。
为简单任务自动选择更便宜的模型,将昂贵的模型留给复杂任务。
pythonMODEL_SONNET = "claude-sonnet-4-6" MODEL_HAIKU = "claude-haiku-4-5-20251001" _SONNET_TEXT_THRESHOLD = 10_000 # 字符数阈值 _SONNET_ITEM_THRESHOLD = 30 # 项目数阈值 def select_model( text_length: int, item_count: int, force_model: str | None = None, ) -> str: """根据任务复杂度选择模型。""" if force_model is not None: return force_model if text_length >= _SONNET_TEXT_THRESHOLD or item_count >= _SONNET_ITEM_THRESHOLD: return MODEL_SONNET # 复杂任务 return MODEL_HAIKU # 简单任务 (便宜 3-4 倍)
使用冻结的数据类 (Frozen Dataclasses) 跟踪累计支出。每次 API 调用都会返回一个新的跟踪器——绝不修改原始状态。
pythonfrom dataclasses import dataclass @dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True) class CostRecord: model: str input_tokens: int output_tokens: int cost_usd: float @dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True) class CostTracker: budget_limit: float = 1.00 records: tuple[CostRecord, ...] = () def add(self, record: CostRecord) -> "CostTracker": """返回添加了新记录的新跟踪器 (绝不修改自身状态)。""" return CostTracker( budget_limit=self.budget_limit, records=(*self.records, record), ) @property def total_cost(self) -> float: return sum(r.cost_usd for r in self.records) @property def over_budget(self) -> bool: return self.total_cost > self.budget_limit
仅在瞬时错误 (Transient Errors) 时重试。对身份验证或错误请求执行快速失败 (Fail Fast)。
pythonfrom anthropic import ( APIConnectionError, InternalServerError, RateLimitError, ) _RETRYABLE_ERRORS = (APIConnectionError, RateLimitError, InternalServerError) _MAX_RETRIES = 3 def call_with_retry(func, *, max_retries: int = _MAX_RETRIES): """仅在瞬时错误时重试,其他错误立即报错。""" for attempt in range(max_retries): try: return func() except _RETRYABLE_ERRORS: if attempt == max_retries - 1: raise time.sleep(2 ** attempt) # 指数退避 (Exponential backoff) # AuthenticationError, BadRequestError 等 -> 立即抛出异常
缓存较长的系统提示词 (System Prompts),避免在每次请求时重复发送。
pythonmessages = [ { "role": "user", "content": [ { "type": "text", "text": system_prompt, "cache_control": {"type": "ephemeral"}, # 缓存此内容 }, { "type": "text", "text": user_input, # 变量部分 }, ], } ]
在单个流水线函数中组合所有四项技术:
pythondef process(text: str, config: Config, tracker: CostTracker) -> tuple[Result, CostTracker]: # 1. 路由模型 model = select_model(len(text), estimated_items, config.force_model) # 2. 检查预算 if tracker.over_budget: raise BudgetExceededError(tracker.total_cost, tracker.budget_limit) # 3. 带重试与缓存的调用 response = call_with_retry(lambda: client.messages.create( model=model, messages=build_cached_messages(system_prompt, text), )) # 4. 跟踪成本 (不可变模式) record = CostRecord(model=model, input_tokens=..., output_tokens=..., cost_usd=...) tracker = tracker.add(record) return parse_result(response), tracker
| 模型 | 输入 ($/1M tokens) | 输出 ($/1M tokens) | 相对成本 | |-------|---------------------|----------------------|---------------| | Haiku 4.5 | $0.80 | $4.00 | 1x | | Sonnet 4.6 | $3.00 | $15.00 | ~4x | | Opus 4.5 | $15.00 | $75.00 | ~19x |
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